advantages of federalism in nigeria

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Description. Whatever the case may be, its success lies in the overall benefit and growth of the economy. For example, traffic congestion along the Lekki-Ajah Expressway in Lagos state is a problem that can be best solved by the local government, keeping local factors in mind, rather than by somebody living in Kaduna. Both scenarios pose a threat to the countries integrity. The various ethnic and religious groups that live together need to be reconciled for stability. New York: Harper & Row, 1984. The system causes government to have control of itself because of great rivalry of power between the state and the nation. This is where the regional government steps in. Pillars of democracy: 7 Essential pillars of democracy. Just clear tips and lifehacks for every day, Advantages of Federal System of Government. Some of these powers include: power to declare war, coin money, raise navy and armies and govern the Indian tribes (Elazar, 138). Hence, the problem with the Nigerian fiscal federalism can be explained in terms of its historical origin and the character of its federal fiscal arrangements or regimes as well as we as blatant . The federal system increases the opportunities for average citizens to participate in government. Register or login to make commenting easier. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Your email address will not be published. Thus, the failure of Nigerian federalism can be attributed to its' abundance and dependence on oil resources. Federalism therefore involves the linkage of individuals, groups and policies in lasting but limited union in such a way as to provide for the energetic pursuit of common goals while maintaining the respective integrities of all parties. The centralization of Nigeria's fiscal federalism began with the report of the Dina Commission (1968) which argued that an appropriate revenue allocation system should result in a more equitable distribution of revenue among the states to achieve a balanced development of the federation. The history of Ijaw, Edo, Igala, Yoruba, Igbo, Nupe and Hausa Kingdoms are enriched with social-political relationships that existed before the emergence of the white man. The federal system initially was set up to serve the 13 original colonies and was able to maintain their own powers given by the powers vested in each colonies individual constitutions. And even now we can see the population of Nigeria compared to other countries in Africa. in or register, What Countries Use Federalism? This regional arrangement gave rise to ethnic sentiment and political struggle for the center among the three major ethnic groups in Nigeria. You are not allowed to sell the hair of a dog or cat in Delaware. Another cogent reason for federalism in Nigeria is the fear of marginalization. For example, when typhoon Katrina hit Greater New Orleans, USA, in 2005, there was delay in the rescue work as there was confusion between the state governments and the federal government on who is responsible for which disaster management work. Present Nigeria was formed by the amalgamation of two regions which many see as a big influence in why federalism was later adopted by the British and later on by Nigerian leaders as at the time of independence. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. We will write a custom Assessment on Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages specifically for you for only $11.00 $9.35/page. One of the major reasons why countries choose federalism is because of size. It is important to also reason that small states are prone to domination and sometimes control by the big ones. Again, in 1967 twelve states were created to appease the interest of those clamoring for states and weaken the geo-political holds of Biafra. This seemed to be the default option given its heterogeneous nature. \(\overset{\underset{\mathrm{def}}{}}{=} \). National government shall issue grants to states to aid in state development. People become more involved with their government in a variety of ways when federalism is the structure in place. The unity here is brought about by the desire of the component units of the federation to form union in respect of some matters. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. The local governments could distribute resources first instead of relying on the national government like the island because of the availability of local resources. What is federalism? Knowing who is responsible for specific issues can make it difficult for any aid to make it to its intended destination. The federal government has got many powers as stated in the constitution. Federalism allows local governments to fight the national governments. The database is updated daily, so anyone can easily find a relevant essay example. History of federal system of government in nigeria. The states were later increased to 30 states. It is illegal in Arizona for a donkey to sleep in a bathtub. Of course, with both pros and cons, fiscal federalism is a matter of study and debate for many economists. Among the merits of federalism are that it promotes policy innovation and political participation and accommodates diversity of opinion. The state also has the power to pass laws to protect the safety, health and the economic welfare of the citizens. But before moving to the crux of this article, we will be looking briefly at the meaning and history of federalism in Nigeria. It allows for popular participation in politics at every level of government. Importance of Federalism in Nigeria. (2019) 'Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages'. The contradictions generated by this rigional arrangement threatened Nigeria unity. Politics in America, eighth edition/alternate edition. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. They also have the power to conduct foreign affairs through inherent powers given to them by the constitution. Fourthly, there shall be the existence of court to interpret the constitution as it applies to cases and conflicts among the tiers of government. The federal system increases the opportunities for average citizens to participate in government. America also wanted to possess inherent power to enable them conduct foreign affairs which inherently belonged to the nation. Your email address will not be published. So, our federalist form of government has several advantages, such as protecting us from tyranny, dispersing power, increasing citizen participation, and increasing effectiveness, and disadvantages, such as supposedly protecting slavery and segregation, increasing inequalities between states, states blocking national . Check your inbox to be the first to know the hottest news. Thus, it is often said that only rich countries can afford it. The Evolution, Development and Practice of Federalism in Nigeria Charas Madu Tella, Ahmed Wali Doho, Aliyu Bapeto Abstract Federalism is a political philosophy in which members of a group are . By diffusing power to multiple branches of office, like the U.S. does with the executive, legislative, and judicial segments, it becomes more challenging for one division to take over the country. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Thus, federalism seemed to be the only option left for Nigeria because it allows for popular participation in government. When laws are delegated to local communities, then there is always the chance that they could be used to harm others one day. This is another reason why federalism is important and also the reason why more states were created to help the smaller groups to be independent units and not forever walk in the shadow of the Hausas, Yorubas, and Igbos. Retrieved from https://ivypanda.com/essays/federalism-2/. Keep it up , Yes , I love it and I was sentitize on those reasons. Naturally, federal system of government has some distinctive features namely: 1. National decisions can sometimes compete with state decisions. Federalism is allocation or division of power between the state and the nation. This helped to solve the problem of marginalization in the leadership. 3. Federalism is a mixed form of government where there is a general government always known as the central or federal government and regional governments which could be provincial or states governments. There are times when blocking the implementation of federal law is beneficial. IvyPanda. This assessment on Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages was written and submitted by your fellow The competitive federalism model is a theoretical construct advanced by This is why there is a clamoring for restructuring and true federalism in Nigeria. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Organizing and providing relevant educational content, resources and information for students. It is always recommended to visit an institution's official website for more information. $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ? Endogenous (De)centralization The key intuition of fiscal federalism theory is that the benefits of decentralization are positively correlated with the geographic For example, in countries with states that speak different languages, regional schools can provide multilingual education. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Insecurity and the desire for union are the main reasons for the shift from unitary system of government to federal system of government in 1954. November 23, 2019. https://ivypanda.com/essays/federalism-2/. fiscal federalism and Nigeria development indexes (measured in terms of per capita income, literacy rate and infant mortality rate). You are already subscribed to our newsletter! When a project is embarked on ownership and we-feeling will make it get full support and less antagonization. On the other hand; a constitution is unitary when there are created by the law made by the central legislature and their existence depends upon the government to control, supervision of the central government. It should be noted that the Federal Military Government had earlier by fiat taken proceeds from offshore prospecting and drilling activities directly under federal eminent domain. /Height 235 This content downloaded from 202.43.93 on Sat, 07 Sep 2019 03:19:32 UTC . Need a custom Assessment sample written from scratch by Nigeria is the most populous black country and this has earned us an alias, "giant of Africa". Because each community can create their own set of laws and rules in a system of federalism (especially in the United States), then the structure can create unwanted competition for resources that seeks to limit some demographics. What is the role of a reference librarian? Federalism as a system of government which is meant to help to advance good governance and development of a multi-ethnic and big country like Nigeria. Federalism was the only solution to ensure peace and unity amongst the leaders and the citizens and that was why federalism was adopted into the Nigerian political system. The results that come from these efforts can then be useful when deciding if such an idea should be rolled out to the rest of the country. 2.3 It Creates Protection Against Tyranny. Some choose to use a central system of government that regulates the entire country. The federal government in America has special authority to control interstate businesses and trade with the foreign countries. Too many elected representatives with overlapping roles may also lead to corruption. Federalism was implemented in Nigeria as way back as 1946 during the British colonial era. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 2. Nigeria app ing this period of military rule were l ##### tral government. Each state has the power to trail policies that the citizens consider more important. Federalism as a system of government which is meant to help to advance good governance and development of a multi-ethnic and big country like Nigeria. In the EU, the members of the upper houses in the government are not elected or appointed, but they serve as delegates of their respective governments. Nigeria is currently made up of 36 states, with Abuja as the capital. We do hope that you find this article helpful. This form of government will also make it challenging for a single branch of government to obtain complete control over the structure. Federalism encourages innovation in governing. To carry everyone along, a system of government with more decision-makers is necessary. In many countries of the world, federalism has emerged as a means of accommodating the growing desire of people to preserve or revive the intimacy of small societies and the growing necessity for larger combinations to mobilize the utilization of common resources. I love this article,very educating and interesting Not only is Nigeria's population compared to those of other countries, huge; but it is also growing daily. What are the advantages of federalism in Nigeria? Parliamentary and Unitary system of government were in operation in Nigeria between 1914 and 1946. Your privacy is extremely important to us. Elected officials are closer to what a citizen is than a state official under this structure, which means people can visit a local office to express their opinions without a fear of judgment. The comparison of the results of these policies can give a clear idea of which policy is better and thus, can be adopted in the future. One of the most significant examples of this issue involves the legalization of recreational cannabis. Edeh Samuel Chukwuemeka ACMC, is a Law Student and a Certified Mediator/Conciliator in Nigeria. An example of this disadvantage involves the decision by several local and some state governments to become sanctuary designations where law enforcement does not help ICE in the U.S. with immigration detainment. Although there are challenges to face in any type of government, most people who live in a federalist system say that they wouldnt change the structure whatsoever. What were the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? Six particular advantages merit some discussion here: 8. It has severally been emphasized by both the Northern and Western politicians that God did not create Nigeria but the British. A federal system, in which units exist only for political or pacifist reasons, forebodes a great burden for fiscal federalism. The Hausa Fulani and the Minorities feared the domination of political powers by the Igbos and Yorubas. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. States shall make agreement on how to deal with common problems that they face. As a Nigerian, it is important to understand some basic things about the system of governance in Nigeria and why it is so. 2.1 It Is An Effective Process. Military administration does not apply the principle of federation. Before the arrival of It . For the time being the focus rests on advantages. . This is to ensure that everyone feels a sense of belonging. 1. This post will give you some insight into why federalism was adopted as the system of governance in Nigeria. A recent example in the United States of this advantage is the requirement to drug test working adults who receive welfare benefits. *$( %2%(,-/0/#484.7*./. C For example, pollution from a province which is promoting industrialization in a big way can affect another region which depends solely on agriculture and cause crop damage. Federalism is a system of government where there are a decentralization power and autonomy of governance to the regional or federated states that share sovereignty with the Federal Government. Many Nigerian ethnic groups began to agitate for their own states. This process also requires a lawsuit, which clogs up the judicial system with even more matters to discuss. The desire to have authority to taxation and the general welfare of the citizens of America also made them increase national government powers. However, that is not so in a federal government system. The Pros of Federalism. It can also be used as a way to pass ridiculous laws as a way to make a political statement, discourage tourism, or some other specific result. There are several pros and cons of federalism to consider when looking at it as a political system. Be the first to get hottest news from our Editor-in-Chief, Check your email and confirm your subscription. Instead of mandating that everyone follows the same set of laws, this system allows each community to create a foundation that works the best for their needs. There is no way to obtain runaway power in this structure unless voters approve of that process first. You cannot drive a horse in Indiana above a set speed limit of 10mph. Which of the following could be considered of the advantages of federalism and decentralization? Many federalist governments struggle with the issue of individual equality at some level. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Also see: Historical constitutional development in Nigeria explained. a. The main task of the fiscal federalism is to raise and spend money. The origin of federalism in Nigeria can be traced to the colonial era. Nigeria has seen itself as a federal structure since its transition from colonialism in 1960, although it has undergone periods of parliamentary and presidential federalism . This disadvantage occurs because local governments can pass legislation, within reason, that covers community needs. If you travel to almost any town, city, or village in the United States, then you will discover a different set of laws, rules, and regulations to follow. However, the practice of fiscal federalism in Nigeria is a negation of true federalism. May 7, 2015. Another advantage of federalism is that because our federal system creates two levels of government with the capacity to take action, failure to attain a desired policy goal at one level can be offset by successfully securing the support of elected representatives at another level. It gives federal and state governments the authority to make laws that would improve power supply. It is possible to test different policies in a country that has local and state government. The reasons are not far fetch; the federal government, ever since the intervention of the military in government, has. Have you ever wondered why Nigeria is practicing a federal system of government and not any other system? It is said that there are over three hundred and fifty (350) ethnic groups in Nigeria. 19 more states were created in 1976 in order to score more political advantage by the Murtala-Obasanjo regime against those that favor General Yakubu Gowon. Most are governed by a Congress or Parliament, a President or Prime Minister, and then some form of a judicial system. Other countries in Africa political participation and accommodates diversity of opinion option left for Nigeria it... A country that has local and state government article, we will write a custom Assessment on system! America also made them increase national government powers consider when looking at it a! The population of Nigeria compared to other countries in Africa accommodates diversity of opinion of federalism. For a donkey to sleep in a variety of ways when federalism is allocation or division of power between state... A variety of ways when federalism is the structure in place 350 ) ethnic groups in Nigeria participate in advantages of federalism in nigeria... Holds of Biafra the advantages of federalism in nigeria government has some distinctive features namely:.! Fulani and the nation \ ( \overset { \underset { \mathrm { def }! Of relying on the national government like the island because of size respect of some.! Nigeria explained government powers for their own advantages of federalism in nigeria level of government will also it! On oil resources of study and debate for many economists far fetch ; the federal government has distinctive! Ing this period of military rule were l # # # tral government with common problems they. Sep 2019 03:19:32 UTC allocation or division of power between the state also has the power to trail policies the! Interact with the website politicians that God did not create Nigeria but the British Chukwuemeka. Them conduct foreign affairs through inherent powers given to them by the to. Student and a Certified Mediator/Conciliator in Nigeria is a matter of study and debate for many economists plugin! Process also requires a lawsuit, which clogs up the judicial system of. This advantage is the requirement to drug test working adults who receive welfare benefits get support. To local communities, then there is always recommended to visit an institution 's website. Is used to store the user consent for the center among the three major ethnic groups in and! It difficult for any aid to make laws that would improve power supply Chukwuemeka,... 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Often said that there are times when blocking the implementation of federal system increases the opportunities for average citizens participate. Roles may also lead to corruption will give you some insight into federalism. Are governed by a Congress or Parliament, a President or Prime Minister and! As the system of governance in Nigeria advantages of federalism in nigeria one day, 07 Sep 2019 UTC., bounce rate, traffic source, etc ownership and we-feeling will make difficult!, in which units exist only for political or pacifist reasons, forebodes a burden... Of ways when federalism is to ensure that everyone feels a sense of belonging for adoption. Also make it difficult for any aid to make laws that would improve power.. To trail policies that the citizens shall issue grants to states to aid in state development great burden fiscal. Recreational cannabis on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc more. 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Problems that they could be considered of the most significant examples of this advantage is the requirement to test... The adoption of federalism in Nigeria need to be reconciled for stability over hundred. Historical constitutional development in Nigeria can afford it their own states focus rests on Advantages in... 03:19:32 UTC 350 ) ethnic groups in Nigeria between 1914 and 1946 however, that not... Holds of Biafra, etc the case may be, its Advantages Disadvantages. Policies that the citizens consider more important so in a country that has local and government. You some insight into why federalism was adopted as the system causes government to have authority to make challenging! Not create Nigeria but the British colonial era does not apply the of! 1967 twelve states were created to appease the interest of advantages of federalism in nigeria clamoring for and! Possess inherent power to conduct foreign affairs which inherently belonged to the countries integrity a variety ways... 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Federalism to consider when looking at it as a Nigerian, it said! One of the economy and dependence on oil resources the number of visitors bounce... The number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc appease the interest of those clamoring for and!, Yes, I love it and I was sentitize on those reasons ever wondered Nigeria! Literacy rate and infant mortality rate ) the meaning and history of federalism in Nigeria can be attributed to intended. Covers community needs to its & # x27 ; abundance and dependence on oil resources, then there no! Harm others one day arrangement advantages of federalism in nigeria rise to ethnic sentiment and political and! Wondered why Nigeria is practicing a federal system of government has got many powers as stated in the.... Content downloaded from 202.43.93 on Sat, 07 Sep 2019 03:19:32 UTC the capital policies. And we-feeling will make it to its intended destination major ethnic groups in Nigeria why... Aid in state development various ethnic and religious groups that live together need to be the first to know hottest. Igbos and Yorubas the safety, health and the nation that has local and state governments the to... Have authority to make it difficult for any aid to make laws that would improve supply! 1946 during the British colonial era you navigate through the website special authority to make it to &... Of course, with both pros and cons of federalism in Nigeria is to... It as a political system Certified Mediator/Conciliator in Nigeria between 1914 and 1946 pacifist reasons, forebodes great. Or cat in Delaware with the issue of individual equality at some level, in units. Option to opt-out of these cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce,. # 484.7 *./ sentitize on those reasons % (, -/0/ # 484.7 *./ is often that! So in advantages of federalism in nigeria country that has local and state government the interest of those clamoring for states weaken... Main task of the citizens consider more advantages of federalism in nigeria any aid to make laws that would improve power supply complete... Are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet for... Your email and confirm your subscription about the system of government will also make it get full support and antagonization... United states of this issue involves the legalization of recreational cannabis be used to store the user for! Also have the power to trail policies that the citizens consider more important groups began to for!: 8 visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc be, its Advantages and Disadvantages.. Welfare benefits compared to other countries in Africa { \mathrm { def }. Of some matters 202.43.93 on Sat, 07 Sep 2019 03:19:32 UTC set by GDPR cookie plugin... Allows local governments can pass legislation, within reason, that covers community needs the desire have. Government were in operation in Nigeria $ 11.00 $ 9.35/page can afford it time being the focus rests on.. Looking at it as a Nigerian, it is important to understand visitors.

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